Abstract
Purpose
This study explored the relationships between variations in cytokines genes and depressive
symptoms in a sample of patients who were assessed prior to and for six months following
breast cancer surgery. Phenotypic differences between Resilient (n = 155) and Subsyndromal (n = 180) depressive symptom classes, as well as variations in cytokine genes were evaluated.
Method
Patients were recruited prior to surgery and followed for six months. Growth mixture
modeling was used to identify distinct latent classes based on Center for Epidemiological
Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale scores. Eighty-two single nucleotide polymorphisms
and 35 haplotypes among 15 candidate cytokine genes were evaluated.
Results
Patients in the Subsyndromal class were significantly younger, more likely to be married
or partnered, and reported a significantly lower functional status. Variation in three
cytokine genes (i.e., interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1 rs9376268), interleukin
6 (IL6 rs2069840), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA rs1799964)), as well as age and
functional status predicted membership in the Subsyndromal versus the Resilient class.
Conclusions
A variation in TNFA that was associated with Subsyndromal depressive symptoms in a
sample of patients and their family caregivers was confirmed in this sample. Variations
in cytokine genes may place these patients at higher risk for the development of Subsyndromal
levels of depressive symptoms.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 14, 2014
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© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
